Menstruation and Menopause as Reproductive Justice Issues: Feminist Reflections on Activism, Research, and Policy from the Global Movement’s Scottish Hub

Authors

Bettina Bildhauer, University of St Andrews, Scotland
Marcy L. Karin, University of the District of Columbia, USA

Abstract

This feminist reflection asserts that menstruation and menopause are elements of reproductive justice that are often overlooked due to menstrual taboos. Drawing on their experiences in Scotland, which has recently been a global hub for menstrual activism, policymaking, and research, the authors identify salient current challenges in menstrual and menopausal justice. They detail how these were met in Scotland and what work remains outstanding, and they summarize recommendations for future policymaking, research, and activism.

Recommended Citation

Bildhauer, Bettina and Karin, Marcy L. (2025) "Menstruation and Menopause as Reproductive Justice Issues: Feminist Reflections on Activism, Research, and Policy from the Global Movement’s Scottish Hub," Journal of International Women's Studies: Vol. 27: Iss. 1, Article 14.
Available at: https://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws/vol27/iss1/14